Quenching machine



April 1933- H. B. SCOTT r AL v 1,904,986

QUENCHING MACHINE h 'r Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 6, 1950 gwuenhn Howard B. Scott 0.

their 3H0: an

April 18, 1933. Ha SCOTT' ET AL ,904,986

I QUENCHING MACHINE Filed Feb. 6, 1930 '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 2A

Howard B. Scott and Ralph E. McCoy April 18, 1933.

H. B. SCOTT El Al.

'7 Sheets-Sheet 5 QUENCHING MACHINE Filed Feb. 6, 19,30

Snow 01,

Howard B. Scott and Ralph E. McCoy By. M

their c1 Hm a q April 18, 1933.

H. B. SCOTT ET Al- QUENCHING MACHINE Filed Feb. 6, 1930 "YSheetS-Sheet 6 Howard B. Scott and Ralph E. McCoy their 611101 211 April 18, 1933.

H. B. SCOTT ET AL QUENCHING MACHINE Filed Feb. 6, 1950 7 shets sheet 7 Jfiwntoa Howard B. Scott and v Ralph E. McCoy their 6M1 nu Patented Apr. 18, 19 33 UNITED STATES PATIENT; OFFICE HOWARD B. SCOTT AND RALPH E. MCCOY, OI DAYTON, OHIO, -ASSIGNORS .TO THE NATIONAL CASH REGISTER COMPANY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF MARY- I LAND QUENCHING' MACHINE v Application filed February 6, 1930. Serial No. 426,391.

This invention relates to quenching machines, and more particularly to those machines exerting pressure upon an article being cooled.

The principal object of'this invention is to provide a quenching machine that will properly harden an article placed therein, and one that will prevent practically all the distortion usually occurring during such an operation.

Another object of this invention is to free the perforations and the exposed faces of the plates, used herein, from all excess fluid as soon as a quenching operation is'fimshed, to prevent premature cooling and the resulting production of soft spots in the next heated article placed therein.

-A further object of this invention is to pro vide a wiping means, to automatically push the hardened articles from the machine-at the end of each operation.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a machine capable of receiving heated articles as fast as they can be fed by an operator;

With. hese and incidental ob ects in view, the invention includes certain novel features of construction and combination of parts, the essential elements of which are set forth in appended claims and a preferred form or embodimentof which is hereinafter described with reference to the drawings which accompany and form part of this specification.

Of said drwamgs Fig. 1 is a perspective view of themachme. Figs. 2a and 2b together show a slde elevatibn of the machine, with many parts 1n section.

Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation of the suction device for the upper plate.

Fig. 4 is a plan view on the line 4-4 in Fig. 2a. Fig. 5 is a side elevation, with parts in section, showing the operating mechanism for the wiping device. Q

' Fig. 6 is a detail plan view of parts shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a front elevation of the operating valve and treadle, with parts of the valve shown in section.

Fi 8 is a plan view of the parts shown in Fig. i.

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view showing the pipiing for the compressed air and quenching Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing in detail a portion of the face of a holding plate.

General description their operation by compressed air, which is controlled by a treadle valve at the base of the machine. is co-ordinated so that when one assembly is performing a quenching operation, the other is returning to its idle position, preparatory to receiving another article.

The article to be hardened is placed on the face of the lower one of two holding plates. The treadle is then operated, allowing the compressed air to force an upper plate down upon the article, and to force, then, both the article and the plates down an additional distance, so that the article lies well within the confines of a basin. Valves are automatically opened when the plates reach their lowered position, allowing a quenching fluid to be forced through perforations in ,the plates, which cools the article held between them.

The plates are then opened. by the treadle The operation of these assemblies being swung back to its initial position, and i i;

a wiping device travels across the face of the lower plate, pushing the'hardened article intoa suitable receiving vessel.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION The press assembly A base 30 (Figs. 1 and 2b) sup-ports a standard 31, on which is fastened a bracket 32 having a sleeve portion 33. Inside-this sleeve portion, there is fitted a bushing 34, held in place by a collar 35 at its upper end,

bowl-shaped bracket 42 is formed inte: grally with the upper end of the tube 40, and

' carries the plate 43, of the pair of companion holding plates 43,- 44. The plate rests on the rim of the bracket 42, and is secured thereto by screws 46. This assembly is held in its upper position by springs 47, resting in recesses in the bracket 32, and bearing against the under side of the bowl-shaped bracket 42. Beds 51, secured. to under side of the bracket 42, pass through'the springs 47 to guide, them during their contracting movement. The lower portions of these Springs are also guided by the walls of the recesses 50. v

' A valve pipe is slida'bly mounted in the tube 40 and in the lock nut 36, and is provided with a collar 53 rigidly secured thereto by set screws 54. A spring 55, resting at its lower end on the lock nut 36,.and at'its upper end on the bottom of the collar53, normally holds the pipe' 52 in its upper position, as shown in Fig. 2b, where its upper end forms a seat for the stationary valve 56. The valve 56 is held in proper alignn'ient with the valve pipe52, by the guide fins 57, on its upper end, fitting the inside of the pipe, and is supported by a valve stem 60 rigidly secured to the web portion 61 of the nipple 62. A union 63 conneetsthe nipple 62 with the pipe line 64,

'Figs. 2b and 9, through which is conducted a quenching fluid.

An air cylinder 65, is rigidly secured to the standard 31 by a bracket 68, and carries a piston 67 fixed to the hollow shaft 70. The piston 67 is driven up and down by compressed air fed to the cylinder through the pipe lines 71, 7-2 (Figs; 2b and 9), and its movement is limited'in each direction by the cylinder heads 73. The lower end of the hollow shaft 70 carries a bowl-shaped bracket 7 4, similar to the bracket 42, and has secured thereto, the plate 44, identical with plate 43.

A pipe lies inside the hollow shaft 70, and has fastened to its lower end a valve 76, which normally rests on the valve seat 77, fastened in the bracket 74. Near its lowor end, the pipe 75 has two slots through which passes a rod 81 secured at both ends in the hollow shaft 70. Depending perpendicularly from the rod 8.1 is another rod 82, acting as a guide for a spring 83 coiled around it. The spring 83 rests at its lower end on the valve. 76.,and at its upper end on the. under side. of the rod SI, and serves to normally keep the valve 76 in its lower or closed position, asshown in Fig. 27). The. mechanism thus far ncntioned, constitutes a press assembly, of which there are two on the machine, as shown in Fig. 1.

assemblies, is a valve 84, Figs. 2b, 6 and 7,

reciprocated from one position to the other by arms 85, 86 extending upwardly from the treadle 87 having two operating pedals 90,

91, and fulcrumed on the rod 92 which is supported in'the standard 93 rising from the base 30 of the machine. The extent of movement of this treadle assembly is limited by two set screws 94, fastened in the base 30, and lying under the treadle 87.

The valve 84 controls the flow of compressed air to the cylinders 65, 66. When the valve is in the positionshown in Fig. 7"ai'r enters through the intake95, passes through the small openings in the bushing 96 to the chamber 97 formed by the reduction in diameter of the valve 84, and passes out through valve chamber through theopening-lOl, then through small openings in the bushing 96 to the chamber 102 formed by the reduction in diameter of the valve 84, and then out of the chamber through the gap 103 between the bushing 96 and the large end of the valve 84.

.When the treadle 87, is again operated by depression of pedal 90, the valve 84 is moved to its opposite position, as shown in Fig. 9, and the operation of the pistons isreversed,

closing plates 43, 44 below cylinder 65 and opening plates-43, 44 below cylinder 66.

' Operation of press assemblies Referring again to Fig. 2, when the piston 67 is lowered, in the manner just described, it

lowers plate 44. until the plate lies entirely within the basin 104 extending around the lower plate assembly. Before it reaches this lower position, however, it comes into contact with the article 105, placed on the machine,-

to be hardened, and then the continued downward movement of the piston 67 presses the lower plate 43 dmvnwardly con 'n'essing springs 47, and lowering the tube 40.

. A vent 108, leading into channel 136, is provided to allow the escape of stray fluid which might be present in the chamber 109 when the tube is. thus lowered. Near the end of this downward movement, the tube 40 strikes the collar 53, and an overhanging cap 106 fastened to the pipe 75, strikes an adjustable stop 107 mounted on the upper cylinder head 73. I

, From this position, continued movement of the piston 67 moves the hollow shaft 70 relative to pipe 75, the latter being held against movement by the stop 107, moving the valve seat 77 away from the valve 76, compressing spring 83, and moving the rod 81 fromone end to the other of-the slots 80. This continned movement also forces the collar 53 and the valve pipe 52 downwardly, against the force of spring 55, leaving the stationary valve 56 standing away from its seat.

The valves 56 and 76 being open allow fluid to be pumped by the motor 110, liig. 9, from the reservoir 111, through the pump 112, through the pipe lines 113, 64, 114and 115, through pipes 52 and into the chambers 116 and 117 and through the perforations 118 in the plates, at which time it comes into contact with the heated article 105, cooling the same. It then runs along the grooves 119 in the plates, and falls into the basin 104, from which it is conducted by the gravity drain 120, into the reservoir 111.

A pressure is maintained in the fluid system at all times by the pump 112, supplemented in its action by the constant pressure tank 121, the amount of pressure being controlled by the variable pressure'valve '122. This mechanism for maintaining. the fluid pressure, is of the usual construction, and is shown only diagrammatically, since it forms no part of the present invention, except in so far as it forms new combinations with the novel mechanism.

The machine remains in this position, with the oil fiowin in the manner just described, until the tread e 87 is reversed, to the position shown in Fig. 7, closing the pair of plates below cylinder 66, at which time the piston 67 in cylinder 65 is raised, by air entering through pipe line 72. This allows the springs 47 to raise the plate 43 to its normal position, allowing the spring 55 to close the valve 56', and allows the spring 83, assisted by gravity, to close the valve 76, stopping the flow of the fluid.

After the flow has stopped, fluid still remains in the chambers 116 and 117, in the perforations in both plates, and in the grooves in the lower plate 43. It is essential that this oil be drawn from the plates, so that a heated article placed on the lower plate, will not be prematurely cooled by lying in the oil remaining thereon, or by having the 'oil from the upper plate drip down upon it. To overcome this detrimental condition, the machine is provided with suction devices, which will now be described.

Suction devices The suction device in connection with the' upper plate, includes ahousing 123, Figs. 2b and 3, mounted'in an opening, out in the bracket 74, and has its open end 124 opening into the chamber 117. A beveled edge 125 forms a seat for the valve 126, around the stem 127 ofwhich is a coiled spring 130 pressing against the neck 131 of the housing 123,

and against acollar 132, which in turn, presses against a pin 133 extending. through the stem 1270f the valve 126. The spring v130 thus holds the valve 126 firmly against its seat 125 when no pressure is exerted on the upper end of the stem 127. An open neck 134 provides a connection for a suitable suction hose (not shown) j The housing and stem are made such a height that when the piston 67 nears the end of its upward stroke, at the end of an operation, the stem 127 strikes the under side of the bracket 68, and while finishing its stroke, the housing 123 moves relative to the valve 126, now held stationary, opening the latter, and allowing the suction to drawthe fluid I back out of the perforations 118 in the plate 44, preventing any dripping whilethe plates stand in the open position.

The suction device for drawing the fluid I from the lower plate 43 is comprised of a number of apertures 135 out in the tube 40; and the bushing 34, aroundwhich is cut a.

channel 136, in the sleeve portion 33 of the bracket 32, the apertures 135 and the channel 136 being aligned with each other and; with a suction pipe 137 when the plates 43 and 44 are open, which allows the suction to draw all the fluid from the channels and perforations in plate 43, and from the chamber 116. However, when the plate 44 forces, the plate 43' downwardly in an operation, the apertures 135 are moved out of alignmentwith the channel 136, so that when the valve 56 is opened during the last part of the down.

ward movement, the fluid is prevented from escaping through the suction device. When the plate 44. is raised, the springs 47 raise plate 43 and tube 40 to their normal positions,

as shown in Fig. 25, closing the valve 56 during the first part ofthe upward movement,

and re-aligning the suction groove and. apertures during the last part so that the suction may again become effective;

Wiping device The device employed to wipe the hardened articlesofl the plates 43 at the end of each op-,

eration, will now be described.

A casing 140, Figs. 1, 2b, 4, 5 and 6, secured:

to the standard 31 acts as a base for the enand acting as a guide for the reversing arm 144. This reversin portion 145 from w ich a'lug 146, (Fig. 5), extends downwardly. To this lug 146 is arm 144 has a bearing fastened one end of a rod 147,'having on its other end ahead 148, which, together With a lock nut, secures the rod to 'a' wiping bar 150. Also fastened to the wiping bar 150, through aboss 149 formed thereon, (Fig. 2b) is the piston rod 151, which carries on its opposite end thepiston 152, operating in the cylinder 153, which is securelyheld in the casing 140. The relative position of the rods 147 and 151 is shown in Fig. 4. .The piston 1-52'is operated by compressed air, admitted into. the cylinder through ports'154, 155 in the cylinder heads 1 56, 157

To control the operation of this wiping device, there is provided a single acting trip arm 160, Figs. 5 and 6. In one end of this trip arm is mounted a latch 1'61 havinga cam face 162, and pressed outwardly by a spring 163, shown in dotted lines. A shaft 164 is mounted for oscillatory movement, in a partof the casing 140, and is fastener at one end to the arm 160 and at the other end to an upwardly extending tappet 165, having a set stroke, the bracket 74 strikes the cam face 162 v of the latch 163, and due to the trip arm 160 screw 166 abutting onegend of the valve 167.

The valve 167 is a duplicate of the valve 84, already described in detail, so further explanation ofthe same is not necessary.

When the plate 44 descends on its closing being held against counter-clockwise movement by the shoulder 170, the bracket 74 cams the latch 161 to the right, as viewed in Fig. 5, against thepressure of .the spring- 163, allowing the bracket 74 to complete its downward stroke without moving the trip,- -arm 160.

When the plate 44 begins its upward stroke, the quenching operation is'completed,

and the hardened articleis ready to be wiped oft the plate 43. As the bracket 74 travels upward, itstrikes the under side of the latch 16 1, and while pushing thelatch out of its path, it rotates clockwise, the trip arm 160 and the tappet'165-car rying the set'screw 166, which in turn moves the valve 167 to its right-hand position, as viewed'in-Fig. 5. As

- port 171 through the left side .of the valve, as viewed in Fig. 5, in the same manner'as' the bracket 74 continues. its upward stroke,

it moves out of contact with the latch 161,

allowing gravity to return the trip arm 160 to its normal-position, as shown in Fig. 5.

This shifting of the valve 167 to the right allows compressed air -to flow from'the intake was described in connection with the valve 84, and out through the pipe line 172, Fig. 4, which conducts it to the rear end of the Go'c'ylinder 154, where it enters the cylinder through the port 154, Fig. 2b, in cylinder 157. The air then forces the piston 152 to the forward end of the cylinder, while the air which is in thecylinder ahead of the piston is allowed'to, escape through the port 155 in the forward cylinder-head 156, through the left-hand position,asshown in Fig. valve being in'thlsposition, allows the compipe line 173, Fig. 4, and through the righthand side of the valve 167, Fig. 5.

The wiper 150, being secured to the forward end of the piston rod 151, is moved across the face. of the plate 43, wiping off the hardened article. "The rod 147 also being connected to tlie wiper 150, is moved forward, bringing with it the reversing arm 144.

Vhen the piston nears the end of its forward stroke, a set screw 174 in the endof the reversmg arm 144-strikes the right-hand end of the valve 167 and moves it to its initial The pressed air to enter its right-handside, from 173 to the port 155 in the forward end of the cylinder. This forces the piston to the rear of the cylinder, the air in back of the piston escaping through the port 154, pipe line 172, and the left-hand side of the valve 167. -VVhen the piston is thus moved to the rear of the cylinder, it pulls the wiper 150 and the reversing arm 144 backward with it,

to the position shown in Fig; 2b, completing the operation.

1 Structure of the holding plate.

The holding plates 43, 44, see particularly Fig. 10, have large grooves 119 lying at right angles to each other extending across theentire plate. These grooves .form raised. surfaces 176 in which are cut the small grooves 177 also running at right angles to each other, and connecting with thelarge grooves 119. At each intersection of the grooves 119 and 177 there are perforations 118. The perforations all extend through the plates 43, I 44 from oneside to the other, as shown in Fig. 2b, and allow the passage of thequenching fluid from the chambers 116, 117 to the heated article 105. j

' The particular form of grooving and perforating shown 10, has two outstanding advantages. First. the perforations are placed so close together that cool'fluid is directed on practically every part. of the arti cle at thesame time, and the grooves are 'so proportioned. and arranged that the fluid is readily carried away'by them, allo.wing the flow of cool fluid to-continue from the per- I fine the invention tothe forms or embodiment which it is conducted through-the pipe line." i

herein disclosed, for it is susceptible of embodiment in various forms all coming within the scope. of the claims which follow. What-is claimed, is:

' 1. In a machine of the class described having a plate; means, including a hollow shaft,

to guide the plate; a pipe therein adapted to carry a fluid; andmeans, including a relative movement of the hollow shaft and pipe to begin a flow of the fluid. p

2. In a machine of the class described having a plate adapted to be moved into contact 3. In a machine of the class described, a

perforated plate; a bowl-shaped bracket se-. cured to the back of the plate, creatlng a pocket behind the plate; means to move the plate; means to cause a passage of fluid 1nto the pocket and through the plate perforations, when the plate is moved; and a suc- -'tion means'to clear the pocket and the perforations of the fluid at the end of an operation.

4. In a machine of the class described, a perforated plate; means to pass afluid through the perforations; and a suction means to clear the perforations of the fluid at the end of an operation. v

5.. In a machine of the class described, a perforated plate; means to pass a fluid through the perforations; a suction means 1 to clear the perforations of the fluid; and

means to automatically operate the suction means at the end of a machine operation.

, 6. In a machine of the class described, a perforated plate; a bowl-shaped bracket fastened to the back of the plate; means to pass a fluid through the perforations; and a suction means mounted on the bracket, and adapted to clear the perforations of the fluid, at the end of an operation.

7. Ina machine oftheclass described, a mechanism including a plate having perforations; means to guide the plate for recipr'o cating movement; and a suction device having a valve automatically opened as the mechanism reaches its withdrawn position to create a suction through the perforations.

8. In a machine of the class described, two press assemblies operated pneumatically; 'a valve means to operate one assembly through its pressing stroke, and the other assembly through its return stroke, when the valve 'is in one position; and means to reverse the operation when the valve is in another position.

9. In a machine of the class described, a

bracket; a fluid'retaining tube; a stationary valve head closing an end of the retaining tube; means to yieldingly hold the bracketagainst movement; and means tomove the retaining tube after the bracket has been moved a predetermined distance, to open the end closed by the valve head, and thus allow a passage of fluid from the tube to the bracket.

10. In a machine of the class described, a plate to hold an article to be hardened; large grooves in the plate to lessen the amount of plate surface contacting with an article placed thereon; and smaller grooves to allow a passage of quenching fluid to the firstmentioned grooves.

11. In a machine of the class described, a plate to hold an article to be hardened; two series of large grooves, one series lying at an angle to the other, and forming between them, raised surfaces; a perforation in each raised surface; and small grooves connect- V ing the perforations with the large grooves, to allow the passage of a quenching fluid. 12. In a machine of the class described, a plate having raised surf-aces, formed by the intersecting of large grooves; and small grooves lying within the raised surfaces.

13. In a maehineof the class described, a plate to hold an article to be hardened; and

' an automatic wiping means traveling across the face of the plate at the end of each operation, to clear the plate of the article placed thereon. v

14. In a'machine of the class described, a lower plate upon which an article to be hardened is placed; an upper plate assembly; means to lower the upperplate assembly to pressthe article against the lower plate; and a wiping means, tripped for operation by the upper plate assembly upon its returnmovement. i

I 15. In a machine of the class described, two plate assemblies between which an article to be hardened is placed; means to close and open the assemblies; and a wiping means tripped for operation by one ofthe assemblies during'its opening movement.

16. In a machine of the class described, two

plateassembliesbetween which an article to be hardened is placed, a wiping means positioned to clear one of the plates of the article placed thereon; and a valve operated by the other plate assembly to control the action of the wiping means.

17. In a machine of the class desClfibed, a wiping means having a valve operated by a moving part of the machine; a movable wiper element; and an arm rigid with the wiper element, adapted to return the valve to its original position, when the wiper element reaches its operated position. t

18. In a machine of the class described, a plate adapted to be lowered into contact with an article to be hardened, a hollow shaft to guide the plate in itsqnov'ement, a pipe there shaft and pipe in unison, and means to retard the pipe While the shaft continues its travel, to cause the controlling means tov operate.

19. In a machine of the class described, a cylinder, a hollow shaft running therethrough, a piston therein secured to the shaft, a perforated plate on an end of the shaft,

. the cylinder and-piston being used in recip- .rocating. the shaft and plate, and means for.

caus'ingi a flow of a quenching. fluid through the shaft and plate.

20. In a machine of the class described, a

I I perforated plate adapted to be lowered upon a an article to be hardened, a hollow shaft extending upwardly therefrom, a piston secured to the shaft,- a cylinder in which the piston is situated, and through which the shaft extends, means to cause the piston to move the shaft upwardly and downwardly,

' and means to cause a flow of quenching fluid through the shaft and plate when the plate is moved to its lowered position.

21. In a machine of the class described, a perforated plate suspended over an article 7 to be treated, means to lower the plate to contact the article, means to pass a quenching fluid through the perforations, means to check the flow, means to raise the plate, and means to prevent a dripping of the excess fluid from the plate after the flow has been checked and the plate raised.

22. In a machine of the class described, a plate adapted to contact with an article to be treated, means to pass a quenching fluid upon ng element.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures. v

- HOWARD B. SCOTT.

RALPH E. MCCOY.

check the suction when the plate the article, means to check the flow, and

means to remove the residue of fluid from the plate after the flow is checked.

23. In a machine of the class described, a

plate adapted to contact with an article to be 4 treated,means to pass a quenching fluid upon the article, means to check the flow, means to prevent a dripping of the fluid from the plate after the flow is checked,.and means I toautomatically cause o eration of the preventing means at the en of a quenching operation,

24, In a machine of the class described, a plate adapted to hold an article to be treated, a hollow shaft adapted to move with the plate, means to flow a quenching fluid through the shaft and plate, and means to rev move the' fluid from the plate and shaft after the flow is stopped.

25. In a machine of the class described, a plate adapted'to hold an article to be treated, a hollow shaft adapted to move with the plate, a suction pipe registering with open ings in the shaft, and means to lower the plate and shaft, and thus sever theregistration between the pipe and the openings.

26. In a machine of the class described, a perforated plate adapted to hold an article to be treated, .means to cause a suction through the perforations, and means toauto- 

